The efficacy and function of pig's hoof

Because of its long history and mild therapeutic effects, traditional Chinese medicine has been increasingly valued and adopted in recent years. For this reason, more and more studies have been conducted on various Chinese medicines. For example, pig's hoof nail is believed to affect the human cardiovascular and blood systems, and has anti-inflammatory, immune and smooth muscle effects. Below we will introduce in detail the four major functions of pig's hoof nails.

1. Effects on the cardiovascular and blood systems

According to the information, the decoction of pig's hoof nails has a direct effect of stimulating the myocardium, causing blood pressure to rise slightly first and then drop significantly. 60 minutes after rabbits were intravenously injected with 500 mg/kg body weight of Fuxuening, compared with the control group, the coagulation time and plasma recalcification time were shortened, the prothrombin time was shortened, but the euglobulin lysis time was prolonged; the result of the protamine paracoagulation test of rabbits was positive; it failed to affect the anticoagulant effect of heparin in vitro, but could restore the coagulation time of heparinized mice to normal levels. When Fuxuening promotes blood coagulation or inhibits fibrinolytic activity, it does not cause an increase in the fibrin cleavage products in the blood, indicating that it will not cause hypercoagulation of the blood. Fuxuening has the dual effects of promoting blood coagulation and antifibrinolysis, and may regulate the balance of coagulation and fibrinolysis systems.

Experiments on the effects of pig's hoof on the inhibition of thiol enzymes by bromoacetic acid, the hemolytic effect of thiol blockers, and the effects on red blood cells in refrigerated blood have proved that pig's hoof has a protective effect on red blood cell thiol enzymes, membrane thiol proteins, and red blood cells themselves.

2. Anti-inflammatory Effects

High doses of pangolin and pig's hoof nail can reduce the average diameter of abscess and wet weight to varying degrees, indicating that high doses of pig's hoof nail and pangolin can localize and reduce appendiceal masses, that is, the effects of eliminating carbuncle and draining pus are similar; pangolin and pig's hoof nail can make the pathological process of rat appendiceal abscess develop in the direction of recovery, the effect of high dose pig's hoof nail group is similar to that of pangolin, and the effect of medium and low dose groups is weaker; each medication group can improve the phagocytic function of leukocytes in rats with appendiceal abscess to varying degrees, and the phagocytic percentage of leukocytes in each medication group is higher than that in the model control group. This result shows that pig's hoof nail can replace pangolin in terms of draining pus and eliminating carbuncle, and its anti-inflammatory effect is related to enhancing the body's immune function.

Both the water decoction and alcohol extract of pig's hoof nail have significant effects on counteracting croton oil-induced ear inflammation in mice. The two components (F2 and F3) of Fuxuening with molecular weight below 10,000 separated by gel chromatography have the effect of resisting "egg white" foot swelling in rats. Fuxuening has obvious anti-inflammatory effects on the inflammation models of acetic acid-induced mouse peritonitis, histamine-induced rat capillary hyperpermeability, and egg white-induced rat foot swelling and granulation hyperplasia.

Pig hoof nails and pangolins have inhibitory effects on both acute and chronic inflammation.

The mechanism of the carbuncle-eliminating effect of pig's hoof and pangolin is related to enhancing the phagocytic function of leukocytes, increasing the activity of serum SOD (superoxide dismutase), eliminating free radicals, and reducing the content of MDA (malondialdehyde). Pig's hoof seems to be a substitute for pangolin in terms of carbuncle-eliminating effect.

3. Effects on smooth muscle

Fuxuening can significantly increase the contraction amplitude and frequency of rat isolated uterus and rabbit in situ uterus specimens. The excited uterine smooth muscle of mice, rats and rabbits achieves a biological hemostatic effect by mechanically compressing the endometrial blood vessels. The biphasic effect on the rhythmic contraction of uterine muscles and blood vessels will be beneficial to improve the endometrial vascular and blood flow disorders in functional uterine bleeding.

The decoction of pig hoof nail can directly excite the intestinal smooth muscle and accelerate the intestinal movement of rabbits, which is manifested as an increase in tension. Fuxuening can significantly increase the amplitude and frequency of intestinal peristalsis.

4. Immune effects

High concentration of Fuxuening has a significant inhibitory effect on the proliferation of lymphocytes induced by lectins. When diluted to a certain concentration, it has a significant enhancing effect on the proliferation of lymphocytes. The immunopharmacodynamics experiment of Fuxuening showed that the optimal duration of action is 96 hours. It has the function of bidirectionally regulating cellular immunity, and its effect is significant and lasting.